The Difference Between Hard and Soft Credit Checks

Appfolio Websites • March 18, 2021

(from apartments.com /Author: Jacob Margle)

Credit checks are an important part of tenant screening and a best practice to ensure you put the best renters possible in your unit. By running a credit check on a prospective tenant, you can learn a great deal about their rental history, including whether or not they owe money to a previous landlord. No one wants to be put in a situation in which rent becomes backlogged. However, which kind of credit check you perform will tell you varying degrees of information. As a landlord, you’ll be faced with running either a hard or soft credit check and understanding the difference.

What Is a Hard Credit Inquiry?

A hard credit inquiry is what you can expect when applying for a credit card, a mortgage loan, or any other type of loan. Hard inquiries need to be performed with the permission of the tenant or applicant, and since it’s tied to a credit application, credit bureaus assume it’s tied to a new line of credit or a loan. This means that a hard credit inquiry will negatively impact the tenant’s credit score. Hard inquiries can also reveal a bit more information than a soft inquiry will, such as credit utilization rates and other factors that give you a more complete picture of a tenant’s credit history.

A hard credit inquiry should only decrease an applicant’s score by five points or so. It is important to note that this impact will stay on their credit report for about two years, so while the impact isn’t much, it is something the tenant will have to work with for at least two years.

Examples of a hard credit inquiry

Mortgage applications. Applying for a major loan for something like a mortgage will trigger a hard credit inquiry by the lender
Auto loans. Auto loans are another major loan people take out during their life. Like a mortgage, this will trigger a hard inquiry
Student loans
Credit card applications. Not a loan, but since this comes with the presumption that the applicant will have another line of credit, it necessitates a hard inquiry
Apartment rental applications

What Is a Soft Credit Inquiry?

A soft inquiry is named so because it makes virtually no impact on one’s credit score. Soft inquiries are requested by the applicant or tenant themselves, typically when viewing their own credit report. Because these types of inquires aren’t tied to a line of credit or loan, there’s no impact on one’s score.

Soft credit scores aren’t always requested by the consumer. Potential employers and landlords can view a soft credit inquiry with the permission of the applicant. This is advisable for landlords, since multiple hard credit inquiries have the potential to lower an applicant’s score more than once. Consider asking your potential tenants to send you a soft credit inquiry report rather than going the hard route.

Examples of a soft credit inquiry

Checking your own credit score. Companies like Credit Karma perform a soft inquiry.
Employer screenings. During a background check for a job, your potential employer may perform a soft credit inquiry.
Prequalified credit card applications
A current creditor checks your credit. Your credit card company or lender may perform a soft credit check at any point

Credit Inquiries Can Be Situational

Not every type of credit inquiry situation is clear cut. Some requests that would result in a soft inquiry the majority of the time can end up triggering a hard credit inquiry, and vice versa. When it comes to rental applications, whether your tenants will be subject to a hard or soft credit inquiry depends on what service you use.

Third-party screening companies almost always use hard inquiries, but dealing with an applicant directly can result in a soft credit inquiry.

Examples of situational inquiries

Renting a car. Reserving a rental car with a credit card can result in a soft inquiry, while reserving one with a debit card may result in a hard inquiry.
Opening a checking or savings account
Cell phone, TV, or internet service agreement
Utility service agreement

If You Choose a Hard Credit Inquiry…

If you decided to pull a hard inquiry on a prospective tenant, the tenant will have their credit score decrease by around five points. This impact will remain on their credit report for two years, and an accurate hard inquiry can’t be removed from a credit report. It’s also worth noting that most of the time, a series of hard inquiries (whether it be from rental applications or something else) will be counted as a single inquiry, but it’s not uncommon for each pull to affect an applicant’s score individually. The impact of a hard credit score also lessens over time, so renters won’t see as drastic of an impact as time goes on.

When you list your rental on Apartments.com, you get access to credit reports as part of Rental Tools, making pulling credit reports on tenants easy.

If You Choose a Soft Credit Inquiry…

Choosing a soft credit inquiry means you will have to work more closely with a tenant since they have to give you or the screening company permission to view their credit report. The benefit is that your applicants won’t have their score affected by the inquiry. If applicants know that you require a soft credit check up front, they may be more inclined to apply and you can enjoy a bigger pool of applicants. And if you reject a tenant, they won’t have taken as big of a credit score hit when they apply somewhere else.

The Choice Is Yours

Whether you decide to perform a hard or soft credit inquiry is up to you, just know how it impacts your potential tenants before you proceed. A hard inquiry will typically reveal more information about that person’s credit history, but they’ll take a small hit on their credit score. A soft inquiry won’t affect a tenant’s credit score, but it can slow down your screening process since you need the permission of each applicant to view a soft inquiry.

Remember that credit is only partial picture of a tenant, and that you can rent to tenants with bad credit. If you’re unsure, start with a soft credit check. For most tenants, a soft inquiry will give you a relatively complete picture and it’s a great way to start your landlord-tenant relationship off on a positive note.

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Why a Multifamily Home Could Be a Smarter Option (Even if Single-Family Builds Equity Faster)

By The Lighter Side of Real Estate • February 13, 2026

A recent Realtor.com article explored whether single-family or multifamily homes build wealth faster. Spoiler alert: it’s single-family homes. At least, that’s what the data suggests. But if you take that at face value, it can make buying a multifamily property sound like a bad decision. The truth is, there’s no way to say that’s absolutely true. Real estate values depend on too many variables to base such a big decision on a headline—or even on solid data that might be right most of the time. The right property, at the right price, in the right market could easily turn that claim on its head. The bigger question isn’t which property type performs better on average. It’s which one makes the most sense for you. For plenty of buyers, a multifamily property can actually help them build equity faster than if they bought a single-family home. In fact, it could be a smarter financial and lifestyle decision for you even if it doesn’t build more equity as quickly. Because for a growing number of buyers, it’s not just about which type of home builds equity faster. It’s about which one fits the needs of their family, or simply makes owning a home at all possible. Is a Multifamily Home Right for You? There are plenty of reasons someone might choose a multifamily property over a traditional single-family home, and it doesn’t always have to be about chasing rental income or investment returns. Of course they’re often owned by investors who are using them to generate income and build wealth, but here are a few types of buyers that also could benefit from buying one: Buyers who can’t quite make the numbers work on a single-family home. For many people, buying a single-family home just isn’t realistic right now. A duplex or triplex can make the math work by generating income from the other units. That rental income can help cover a big portion of the mortgage, sometimes bringing monthly costs down to what they’d pay in rent—or even less. First-time buyers who want to get into the market sooner rather than later. Instead of waiting and saving for years to afford a single-family home, buying a small multifamily property can be a faster entry point. Living in one unit allows you to qualify for a primary residence mortgage, which often comes with better terms than an investor loan. Multigenerational families who need both space and proximity. More families are living together these days, but that doesn’t mean everyone wants to share the same kitchen. (Or more importantly…bathrooms!) Multifamily homes let extended families live under one roof while still having privacy and independence. Buyers who want to turn their first home into a long-term investment. A multifamily home can be a stepping stone. Live in one unit for a few years, build equity, and when you’re ready to move into a single-family home, you can keep the multifamily as an income-producing property. People who simply like the flexibility. Life changes. Maybe you’ll rent out a second unit now, and in the future use it for aging parents, college kids, or a home office. Owning a property with built-in options gives you more ways to adapt as your needs evolve. Making the Best Choice Starts With an Open Mind… And Some Advice Whether you thought owning a house at all was out of the question, or buying a single-family home has been your goal, it’s worth keeping multifamily properties on your radar. They’re not just for investors or people chasing rental income—they can be a practical solution for buyers who want to own now, manage costs, and maintain flexibility for the future. The key is exploring your options thoughtfully. Every property and every market is different. What makes sense for one buyer might not for another, and the “right” choice isn’t always obvious from a quick search or a headline. That’s where a local real estate agent can make a big difference. An experienced agent can help you assess your personal situation, run the numbers on different properties, and identify which type of home aligns with your goals and lifestyle. They can also point out opportunities you might not have considered—like duplexes or triplexes in neighborhoods you already like, or properties with flexible layouts that can accommodate extended family or generate rental income. Thinking broadly and consulting an agent early on can turn what feels like a daunting decision into a clear, practical plan. Instead of limiting yourself to single-family homes, exploring multifamily options could reveal a path to homeownership you didn’t realize was available. The Takeaway: Recent data suggests that buying a single-family home will help you build equity faster than you would if you bought a multifamily. However, choosing between the two isn’t just about which one builds equity faster. It’s about what makes the most sense for your personal situation, your family’s needs, and your path to homeownership. For many buyers, multifamily properties can offer a practical, flexible, and even more attainable way to own a home today—while also creating opportunities for rental income, long-term investment, and adaptable living arrangements. The key is keeping an open mind and exploring your options. A local real estate agent can help you navigate the possibilities, run the numbers, and identify the right property for your goals.

Want Real Feedback About Your Home Before Listing It? Ask Your Agent to Be Brutally Honest... Not Your Friend.

By The Lighter Side of Real Estate • February 12, 2026

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Why Rising Foreclosure Headlines Aren’t a Red Flag for Today’s Housing Market

By KCM • February 10, 2026

Why Rising Foreclosure Headlines Aren’t a Red Flag for Today’s Housing Market If you’ve seen headlines saying foreclosure activity has been climbing for 10 straight months , it’s easy to assume that's a sign of trouble for the housing market. But when you look at the full picture, a few simple truths become clear: Today’s foreclosure numbers are in line with what’s considered normal High home equity is keeping most homeowners in a strong financial position None of the data points to a big wave of distressed sales that’ll crash the market Foreclosure Filings Are Up 32%, But That Doesn’t Mean the Market’s in Trouble If you peel the layers all the way back, what everyone is actually worried about is that we’re headed for a repeat of what happened in 2008. Back then, riskier lending practices and an oversupply of homes for sale brought home prices down and led to a significant increase in foreclosures. A lot of people felt the impact. But this isn’t the same situation. Yes, ATTOM data shows foreclosure filings are up 32% year-over-year. And that increase is going to sound dramatic. But context matters, and it doesn’t mean we’re headed for another crash. And the numbers prove it. Take a look at where we were during the last crash (the red in the graph below). And where we are now (the blue): Even with the uptick lately, we are still nowhere near crash levels – far from it. This isn’t a return to crisis levels. What it is, is a return to normal. The graph below shows foreclosure filings going all the way back to early 2005. The lead up to, and the aftermath of, the crash is there in red. Those are the years when foreclosure filings went above the 1 million mark each year. Now, look at the right side and scan back to the 2017–2019 range (the last truly normal years for housing). You’ll see we’re actually just starting to fall back in line with what’s typical for the market, even with the increase lately: Rob Barber, CEO at ATTOM, explains it well: “ Foreclosure activity increased in 2025, reflecting a continued normalization of the housing market following several years of historically low levels . . . While filings, starts, and repossessions all rose compared to 2024, foreclosure activity remains well below pre-pandemic norms and a fraction of what we saw during the last housing crisis . . . today’s uptick is being driven more by market recalibration than widespread homeowner distress, with strong equity positions and more disciplined lending continuing to limit risk.” The word “normalization” in that quote is extra important. While economic and financial pressures are putting a strain on some homeowners, this isn’t a flood of distressed homes. No matter what the headlines may have you believe, this isn’t a large-scale crisis. Today’s increase isn’t a sign of trouble. It’s a return to normal. Why This Isn't a Repeat of 2008 Even though the last housing crash still shapes how a lot of people interpret today’s news, the reality is, this is a different market: Lending standards are stronger Borrowers are more qualified And homeowners have far more equity And that equity piece is especially important. Over the last five years, home prices have risen significantly. For many people, their house is worth far more than they paid for it. That means most homeowners have a strong financial cushion to fall back on, if needed. Basically, if someone faces hardship today, they often have the option to sell, and maybe even walk away with money in their pocket, instead of going through foreclosure. That’s a major contrast to 2008, when many homeowners owed more than their home was worth. Bottom Line Foreclosure activity may be rising, but it’s still well within a normal range – and nowhere close to the danger zones of the past. But the headlines are doing more to terrify than clarify. And that’s exactly why having a trusted real estate expert you can call on is so important. When you hear something in the news or see something on social about housing that worries you, please reach out so you have the context to understand what’s really happening and how it impacts you (if at all).