The Difference Between Hard and Soft Credit Checks

Appfolio Websites • March 18, 2021

(from apartments.com /Author: Jacob Margle)



Credit checks are an important part of tenant screening and a best practice to ensure you put the best renters possible in your unit. By running a credit check on a prospective tenant, you can learn a great deal about their rental history, including whether or not they owe money to a previous landlord. No one wants to be put in a situation in which rent becomes backlogged. However, which kind of credit check you perform will tell you varying degrees of information. As a landlord, you’ll be faced with running either a hard or soft credit check and understanding the difference.

What Is a Hard Credit Inquiry?

A hard credit inquiry is what you can expect when applying for a credit card, a mortgage loan, or any other type of loan. Hard inquiries need to be performed with the permission of the tenant or applicant, and since it’s tied to a credit application, credit bureaus assume it’s tied to a new line of credit or a loan. This means that a hard credit inquiry will negatively impact the tenant’s credit score. Hard inquiries can also reveal a bit more information than a soft inquiry will, such as credit utilization rates and other factors that give you a more complete picture of a tenant’s credit history.

A hard credit inquiry should only decrease an applicant’s score by five points or so. It is important to note that this impact will stay on their credit report for about two years, so while the impact isn’t much, it is something the tenant will have to work with for at least two years.

Examples of a hard credit inquiry

  • Mortgage applications. Applying for a major loan for something like a mortgage will trigger a hard credit inquiry by the lender
  • Auto loans. Auto loans are another major loan people take out during their life. Like a mortgage, this will trigger a hard inquiry
  • Student loans
  • Credit card applications. Not a loan, but since this comes with the presumption that the applicant will have another line of credit, it necessitates a hard inquiry
  • Apartment rental applications

What Is a Soft Credit Inquiry?

A soft inquiry is named so because it makes virtually no impact on one’s credit score. Soft inquiries are requested by the applicant or tenant themselves, typically when viewing their own credit report. Because these types of inquires aren’t tied to a line of credit or loan, there’s no impact on one’s score.

Soft credit scores aren’t always requested by the consumer. Potential employers and landlords can view a soft credit inquiry with the permission of the applicant. This is advisable for landlords, since multiple hard credit inquiries have the potential to lower an applicant’s score more than once. Consider asking your potential tenants to send you a soft credit inquiry report rather than going the hard route.

Examples of a soft credit inquiry

  • Checking your own credit score. Companies like Credit Karma perform a soft inquiry.
  • Employer screenings. During a background check for a job, your potential employer may perform a soft credit inquiry.
  • Prequalified credit card applications
  • A current creditor checks your credit. Your credit card company or lender may perform a soft credit check at any point

Credit Inquiries Can Be Situational

Not every type of credit inquiry situation is clear cut. Some requests that would result in a soft inquiry the majority of the time can end up triggering a hard credit inquiry, and vice versa. When it comes to rental applications, whether your tenants will be subject to a hard or soft credit inquiry depends on what service you use.

Third-party screening companies almost always use hard inquiries, but dealing with an applicant directly can result in a soft credit inquiry.

Examples of situational inquiries

  • Renting a car. Reserving a rental car with a credit card can result in a soft inquiry, while reserving one with a debit card may result in a hard inquiry.
  • Opening a checking or savings account
  • Cell phone, TV, or internet service agreement
  • Utility service agreement

If You Choose a Hard Credit Inquiry…

If you decided to pull a hard inquiry on a prospective tenant, the tenant will have their credit score decrease by around five points. This impact will remain on their credit report for two years, and an accurate hard inquiry can’t be removed from a credit report. It’s also worth noting that most of the time, a series of hard inquiries (whether it be from rental applications or something else) will be counted as a single inquiry, but it’s not uncommon for each pull to affect an applicant’s score individually. The impact of a hard credit score also lessens over time, so renters won’t see as drastic of an impact as time goes on.

When you list your rental on Apartments.com, you get access to credit reports as part of Rental Tools, making pulling credit reports on tenants easy. 

If You Choose a Soft Credit Inquiry…

Choosing a soft credit inquiry means you will have to work more closely with a tenant since they have to give you or the screening company permission to view their credit report. The benefit is that your applicants won’t have their score affected by the inquiry. If applicants know that you require a soft credit check up front, they may be more inclined to apply and you can enjoy a bigger pool of applicants. And if you reject a tenant, they won’t have taken as big of a credit score hit when they apply somewhere else.

The Choice Is Yours

Whether you decide to perform a hard or soft credit inquiry is up to you, just know how it impacts your potential tenants before you proceed. A hard inquiry will typically reveal more information about that person’s credit history, but they’ll take a small hit on their credit score. A soft inquiry won’t affect a tenant’s credit score, but it can slow down your screening process since you need the permission of each applicant to view a soft inquiry.

Remember that credit is only partial picture of a tenant, and that you can rent to tenants with bad credit. If you’re unsure, start with a soft credit check. For most tenants, a soft inquiry will give you a relatively complete picture and it’s a great way to start your landlord-tenant relationship off on a positive note.


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2026 Housing Market Outlook

By KCM • October 26, 2025
2026 Housing Market Outlook After a couple of years where the housing market felt stuck in neutral, 2026 may be the year things shift back into gear. Expert forecasts show more people are expected to move – and that could open the door for you to do the same. More Homes Will Sell With all of the affordability challenges at play over the past few years, many would-be movers pressed pause. But that pause button isn’t going to last forever. There are always people who need to move. And experts think more of them will start to act in 2026 (see graph below): What’s behind the change? Two key factors: mortgage rates and home prices. Let’s dive into the latest expert forecasts for both, so you can see why more people are expected to move next year. Mortgage Rates Could Continue To Ease The #1 thing just about every buyer has been looking for is lower mortgage rates . And after peaking near 7% earlier this year, rates have started to ease. The latest forecasts show that could continue throughout 2026, but it won’t be a straight line down (see graph below): There’s a saying: when rates go up, they take the escalator. But when they come down, they take the stairs. And that’s an important thing to remember. It’ll be a slow and bumpy process. Expect modest improvement in mortgage rates over the next year but be ready for some volatility. There will be volatility along the way as new economic data comes out. Just don't let it distract you from the bigger picture: the overall trend will be a slight decline. Forecasts say we could hit the low 6s, or maybe even the high 5s. And remember, there doesn't have to be a big drop for you to feel a change. Even a smaller dip helps your bottom line. If you compare where rates are now to when they were at 7% earlier this year, you’re already saving hundreds on your future mortgage payment. And that’s a really good thing. It’s enough to make a real difference in affordability for some buyers. Home Price Growth Will Be Moderate What about prices? On a national scale, forecasts say they’re still going to rise, just not by a lot. With rates down from their peak earlier this year, more buyers will re-enter the market. And that increased demand will keep some upward pressure on prices nationally – and prevent prices from tumbling down. So, even though some markets are already seeing slight price declines, you can rest easy that a big crash just isn’t in the cards. Thanks to how much prices rose over the last 5 years, even the markets seeing declines right now are still up compared to just a few years ago. Of course, price trends will depend on where you are and what’s happening in your local market. Inventory is a big driver in why some places are going to see varying levels of appreciation going forward. But experts agree we’ll see prices grow at the national level (see graph below): This is yet another good sign for buyers and overall affordability. While prices will still go up nationally, it’ll be at a much more sustainable pace. And that predictability makes it easier to plan your budget. It also gives you peace of mind that prices won’t suddenly skyrocket overnight. Bottom Line After a quieter couple of years, 2026 is expected to bring more movement – and more opportunity. With sales projected to rise, mortgage rates trending lower, and price growth slowing down, the stage is set for a healthier, more active market. So, the big question: will you be one of the movers making 2026 your year? Let’s connect if you want to get ready.

Why Home Prices Aren’t Actually Flat

By KCM • October 25, 2025
Why Home Prices Aren’t Actually Flat If you’ve been following real estate news lately, you’ve probably seen headlines saying home prices are flat. And at first glance, that sounds simple enough. But here’s the thing. The reality isn’t quite that straightforward. In most places, prices aren’t flat at all. What the Data Really Shows While we’ve definitely seen prices moderate from the rapid and unsustainable climb in 2020-2022, how much they've changed is going to be different everywhere. If you look at data from ResiClub and Zillow for the 50 largest metros, this becomes very clear. The real story is split right down the middle. Half of the metros are still seeing prices inch higher. The other half? Prices are coming down slightly (see graph below). The big takeaway here is “flat” doesn’t mean prices are holding steady everywhere. What the numbers actually show is how much price trends are going to vary depending on where you are. One factor that’s driving the divide? Inventory. The Joint Center for Housing Studies (JCHS) of Harvard University explains : “ . . . price trends are beginning to diverge in markets across the country. Prices are declining in a growing number of markets where inventories have soared while they continue to climb in markets where for-sale inventories remain tight .” When you average those very different trends together, you get a number that looks like it’s flat. But it doesn’t give you the real story and it’s not what most markets are feeling today. You deserve more than that. And just in case you're really focusing on the declines, remember those are primarily places where prices rose too much, too fast just a few years ago. Prices went up roughly 50% nationally over the past 5 years, and even more than that in some of the markets that are experiencing a bigger correction today. So, a modest drop in some local pockets still puts most of those homeowners ahead when it comes to the overall value of their home. And based on the fundamentals of today’s housing market, experts are not projecting a national decline going forward. So, what's actually important for you to know? If You’re Buying... You need to know what's happening in your area because that’s going to influence everything from how quickly you need to make an offer to how much negotiating power you’ll have once you do. In a market where prices are still inching up , waiting around could mean paying more down the line. In a market where they’re easing , you may be able to ask for things like repairs or closing cost help to sweeten the deal. The bottom line? Knowing your local trend puts you in the driver’s seat. If You’re Selling... You’ll want to be aware of local trends, so you’ll know how to price your house and how much you can expect to negotiate. In a market where prices are still rising , you may not need to make many compromises to get your home sold. But if you’re in a market where prices are coming down , setting the right price from the start and being willing to negotiate becomes much more important. The big action item for homeowners? Sellers need to have an agent’s local perspective if they want to avoid making the wrong call on pricing – and homes that are priced right are definitely selling. The Real Story Is Local The national averages can point to broad trends, and that's helpful context. But sometimes you’re going to need a local point of view because what’s happening in your zip code could look different. As Anthony Smith, Senior Economist at Realtor.com, article puts it: “While national prices continued to climb, local market conditions have become increasingly fragmented… This regional divide is expected to continue influencing price dynamics and sales activity as the fall season gets underway. ” That’s why the smartest move, whether you’re buying or selling, is to lean on a local agent who’s an expert on your market. They’ll have the data and the experience to tell you whether prices in your area are holding steady, moving up, or softening a bit – and how that could impact your move. Bottom Line Headlines calling home prices flat may be grabbing attention, but they’re not giving you the full picture. Has anyone taken the time to walk you through what we’re seeing right here, right now? If you want the real story about what prices are doing in our market, let’s connect.

What Buyers Say They Need Most (And How the Market’s Responding)

By KCM • October 24, 2025
What Buyers Say They Need Most (And How the Market’s Responding) A recent survey from Bank of America asked would-be homebuyers what would help them feel better about making a move, and it’s no surprise the answers have a clear theme. They want affordability to improve, specifically prices and rates (see below): Here’s the good news. While the broader economy may still feel uncertain, there are signs the housing market is showing some changes in both of those areas. Let’s break it down so you know what you’re working with. Prices Are Moderating Over the past few years, home prices climbed fast, sometimes so fast it left many buyers feeling shut out. But today, that pace has slowed down. For comparison, from 2020 to 2021, prices rose by 20% in a 12-month period. Now? Nationally, experts are projecting single-digit increases this year – a much more normal pace. That's a sharp contrast to the rapid growth we saw just a few short years ago. Just remember, price trends are going to vary by area. In some markets, prices will continue to rise while others will experience slight declines . Prices aren’t crashing, but they are moderating. For buyers, the slowdown makes buying a home a bit less intimidating. It’s easier to plan your budget when home values are moving at a much slower pace. Mortgage Rates Are Easing At the same time, rates have come down from their recent highs. And that’s taken some pressure off would-be homebuyers. As Lisa Sturtevant, Chief Economist at Bright MLS, says: “Slower price growth coupled with a slight drop in mortgage rates will improve affordability and create a window for some buyers to get into the market. ” Even a small drop in mortgage rates can mean a big difference in what you pay each month in your future mortgage payment. Just remember, while rates have come down a bit lately, they’re going to experience some volatility. So don’t get too caught up in the ups and downs. The overall trend in the year ahead is that rates are expected to stay in the low to mid-6s – which is a lot better than where they were just a few short months ago. They may even drop further, depending on where the economy goes from here. Why This Matters Confidence in the economy may be low, but the housing market is showing signs of adjustment. Prices are moderating, and rates have come down from their highs. For you, that may not solve affordability challenges altogether, but it does mean conditions look a little different than they did earlier this year. And those shifts could help you re-engage as we move into next year. Bottom Line Both of the top concerns for buyers are seeing some movement. Prices are moderating. Rates are easing. And both trends could stick around going into 2026. If you’re considering a move, let’s connect walk you through what’s happening in our area – and what it means for your plans.
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